11/22/2023 0 Comments Who inventor edwin landH-sheet is still the most widely- used light polarizer. Although he never graduated, Land returned to Harvard on many occasions as a lecturer, and to receive an honorary doctor of science degree in 1957.ĭuring World War II Land invented the "H-sheet" light polarizer made by staining oriented polyvinyl alcohol with iodine. In 1932 at a Harvard physics colloquium he announced a "new polarizer for light in the form of an extensive synthetic sheet," a polarizer known as "J-sheet." He later took another leave of absence to devote himself entirely to research in polarized light. Land conceived the idea of making in sheet form the optical equivalent of a large, single crystal by suspending submicroscopic polarizing particles in plastic or glass and orienting these polarizing particles in a transparent sheet.įollowing a leave of absence to pursue his ideas, he returned to Harvard bringing with him his new light polarizer. While still a freshman at Harvard, Land was intrigued with the natural phenomena of polarized light and was challenged simultaneously by the difficulty of using it in science and the impossibility of using it in applied science for industry because the then-available light polarizers were Nicol prisms, large single crystals, heavy, expensive, and necessarily limited in size. He was educated at the Norwich Academy and Harvard University. Land Medal in recognition of his contributions to the field of optics.EDWIN HERBERT LAND-inventor, scientist, entrepreneur, teacher, visionary, and public servant-was born in Bridge-port, Connecticut, on May 7, 1909, and died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on March 1, 1991, at the age of eighty-one. The following year, the Optical Society and the Society for Imaging Science and Technology established the Edwin H. In 1988, he received the National Medal of Technology. Three years later, he resigned as chairman of Polaroid and founded the Rowland Institute for Science at Harvard University (now the Rowland Institute at Harvard). patents and was awarded the Medal of Freedom in 1963-the highest honor granted to civilians in the U.S.Īlthough he ended up dropping out of Harvard, Land received honorary degrees from Harvard, Yale and Columbia and was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1977. Over his lifetime he was issued over 500 U.S. His “retinex” theory said that all visual levels of processing, from the retina in the eye to the visual cortex in the brain were necessary for human beings to process color. in World War II to proposing the "retinex" theory of human color perception. Land spent his entire adult life experimenting and innovating in the field of optics, from producing recording systems used by the U.S. Land even created an instant color movie-making system, "Polavision," in 1978, but this never enjoyed the commercial success of his still-photography cameras. It was the first device to use an instant film pack combined with a built-in battery. His revolutionary "SX-70" camera, introduced in 1972 replaced the wet, peel-apart development process with dry films that developed in light. Following this success, Land continued to improve his invention, eventually creating his color film, "Polacolor” in 1963. The Polaroid Land Camera Model 95 (Patent #2,543,181) was first offered for sale on November 26, 1948. In 1947, Land demonstrated the instant camera at the Optical Society of America’s winter meeting. Land used the principle of diffusion transfer to reproduce the image recorded by the camera's lens directly onto a photosensitive surface. Inspired, Land ended up creating a system of one-step photography: A camera that instantly printed photographs the moment they were captured. It was 1943 when his three-year-old daughter had asked him why she couldn't see a photo he had taken of her right away. But it was through his Polaroid Corporation (founded in 1937) that Land was immortalized, for his invention and marketing of instant photography. Following high school, he attended Harvard University where he conceived and produced the first modern filters to polarize light, patented in 1929. Land was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut on and attended the Norwich Free Academy, graduating in 1927. This is all thanks to the work of Edwin Herbert Land. Have you ever used a Polaroid camera? The portable device allows you to snap a photo, which is then printed straight out of the camera itself in seconds.
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